Showing posts with label spacetime. Show all posts
Showing posts with label spacetime. Show all posts

Thursday, April 12, 2012

NEW HORIZONS

In 4d Domain Connector I outlined an idea for 4-dimensional fundamental domains. A consequence of this type of 4D tiling is the observed expansion of space. Although I dubbed this tiling O'Neill space, in reality it is just the fabric of space-time understood from a different point of view. There are, however, a few direct consequences that derive from stating that space is expanding from 4th dimensional space. First off, it means that the rate of expansion is linked, in some way, to our perception and knowledge of what constitutes time itself. Second, it shows that time and space are orthogonal entities, existing at right angles to one another. Other speculations that I will address in this and later posts are;
  • There are no straight line accelerations in space-time, as viewed from outside the 4d reference frame
  • The expansion of space-time becomes negligible, or non-existent, at the speed of light
  • Time is not a spatial dimension with vector points other than those of 4d space
  • Rest mass is effectively a black hole singularity for 4d space

Imagine you are sitting on this train. When you look out the window you notice that objects in the foreground rush passed you at a seemingly greater speed than objects that are situated on the horizon. If we imagine that the motion of the train is equivalent to time, then we can say that the relative motion of the objects in the foreground constitute events passing us by, while the objects that appear frozen in the distance correspond to a 4d spatial vector point that is equivalent to the speed of light. These spacial vector points exist at right angles to the motion of the train, and are therefore 4 dimensional.

Now imagine that the landscape is tiled with a grid pattern, like the one above. This grid pattern is fixed relative to the motion of the train, but it is expanding out towards you from a point dubbed infinity on the horizon. This is the expansion of space that is happening orthogonally to the passage of time. It is driving the circular motion of time, just as water coming out of a right angled sprinkler nozzle drives the sprinkler around. Accelerating in space is equivalent to zooming out into the horizon where the trees and shrubs appear mostly static, thus achieving the relativistic effect of time dilation. If we imagine that our straight line track is actually the circumference of an infinitely large circle then we can legitimately bend our planar grid pattern into a circle (see below). The advantage of having a circular space-time diagram is so we can include the expansion of space from a central 4d point and still have all the characteristics of an ordinary Minkowskian diagram.

In Minkowskian Spacetime diagrams, time is shown on the vertical axis and space is shown on the horizontal axis. The radial space-time diagram has the time 'axis' for the entire 3d spatial realm around the circumference of the circle, while the spatial axis of the 4d realm goes off towards the centre. The whole diagram is rotating with time. Just like an ordinary wheel or merry-go-round the circumference of the circle is traveling much faster than the centre; indeed at the very centre we can say that no rotational motion (i.e. time) is taking place whatsoever. This means that the centre corresponds to the speed of light c and the horizon as viewed from our train.

If it were possible to build a spacecraft capable of traveling at the speed of light, it would depart from a point in spacetime at the outer periphery of the circle (green line) and travel inwards towards the centre (purple line). It would be traveling in a straight line away from this point, but the departure point is also moving around the circumference as time moves on. An outside observer, like ourselves, would see a curved trajectory; by virtue of what is known as the Coreolis effect. If the outsiders perspective exists, it means that there are no straight line accelerations extant anywhere in the Universe. Not even light could be thought of as traveling in straight lines; it would spiral towards different datums depending upon where the original parameters are set. The parametres are entirely movable so this paints the whole Universe as some kind of giant fractal whirligig.

Each time this radial space-time chart rotates it would wipe out or occlude data from an earlier time. The most obvious solution to this is some kind of 5d Riemann surface similar to Log z that extends indefinitely in the vertical axis. The central 'spine' of this structure denotes the speed of light.
By virtue of the fact that Riemann surfaces include both real and imaginary coordinates they give a much better picture of Einstein's equations beyond the speed of light. This is because superluminal  equations require solutions to the square root of a negative number, something which leads directly to imaginary numbers.

It has been speculated that at faster than light speeds time must begin to flow in reverse. However, from my understanding time is space expanding from the central spine at coordinate zero. Therefore, when you cross this impassable boundary point, the expansion of space would be coming from behind your trajectory; something which I don't believe would alter your perception of time or space very much, if indeed at all. Another example of a Riemann surface that could be useful is this one of the multi-valued cube root, or one such like it;

This image returns us to the concept that there exists two separate Universes side by side one another that interact to drive each other one, like an electromagnetic wave. See last post; Tumbling Toy Universe Theory for more on this.


Friday, February 17, 2012

THE EYE OF PROVIDENCE


Unifying Gravity with Electromagnetism


Albert Einstein is credited with having unified the force of gravity with the electro-magnetic force, but this is not entirely accurate. While he did manage to prove that gravity bends light (space-time) around heavy objects, he was unable to account for what gives these objects their mass, in the first place. The current theory suggests that there is an energy field (the Higgs Field) which perturbs the motion of particles through space and time, slowing them down and making them massive. The discovery of the Higgs Boson will allow physicists to fully unify gravity and electro-magnetism together with the weak and strong interactive forces. In short, it will supply the necessary ingredient towards a Grand Unified Theory of everything.


In this post, I would like to present my working theory of how gravity and electro-magnetism arise out of the Higgs Field with the use of interactive visual displays. In the case of a large body, like the Earth, motion through the Higgs Field creates its mass, which in turn creates its gravity well. I submit that the interaction between the resulting gravity well and the Higgs Field goes on to produce the electro-magnetic field around the Earth. This occurs in two ways, one for the electrical force, and another for the magnetic. I will focus on the magnetic force first.

The Earth's gravity field can be represented as a series of lines (world lines) converging on a single point. Actually it is a bit more complicated then that, but the above illustration will help to serve the point.


As we know from the last post, the Higgs Field can be depicted as a series of horizontal lines that exist across space and time. By the same token, the rasterized pixels on your computer screen can be seen to represent the omnipresent Higgs field. As you scroll up and down through this page, notice how the radial lines of the image interact with the horizontal/rasterised lines of your computer screen to create a moire pattern that embodies the characteristic field lines of the magnetic field. The faster you move it the more pronounced are these seeming field lines. I propose that what you are seeing is an accurate simulation of how a gravitational field would behave whilst moving with respect to the Higgs Field. Try it again with this image.


Now click on a non-responsive part of your browsers and move it side to side across you computer screen. This will help you to see the effect more clearly. Moving the browser window in wide circles shows a rotating moire pattern. The tighter the circles become the less intense the field and the more disorganised the pattern appears.


Physics is all about finding underlying causes to the fundamental forces, and this is exactly what I am doing here. If this visual effect can seriously be considered to form an underlying cause to the creation of the Earth's magnetic field, then we can proffer a number of statements about the production and behavior of the field itself:


Firstly, the field can be said to be produced by the interaction of the hyperbolic curvature of gravity with the holographic grating of the Higgs Field, which – as I explained in the last post – is intrinsically linked with time. This suggests some kind of closed feedback loop, where the energy of any truly large object (e.g. the Earth) is converted into mass via its interaction with the Higgs Field; which in turn produces a gravity field that reciprocates with the Higgs Field to produce the magnetic field of the Earth.


Secondly, continuous observations of the Earth's magnetic field reveal it to be moving. This motion has been accelerating in recent years, and scientist assume that this means that a pole shift is underway. However, they do not claim to understand what drives these periodic shifts in the orientation of the magnetic field. The above interactive displays would suggest that these magnetic flips are due to the relative motion of the Earth's gravity field with respect to the Higgs Field. Also the strength of the magnetic field is dependent on how fast it is moving with respect to this field.
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Thirdly, if gravity is capable of producing an electro-magnetic field around the Earth, in conjunction with the Higgs Field (which is analogous to space-time) then gravity must be electric in nature. Why? For the simple reason that the only thing that gives rise to a magnetic field is an electric one. This should be of no surprise to us as Einstein already proved a link between gravity and the electromagnetic forces, nearly 100 years ago.
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Einstein realised that gravity had the ability to slow down  time, and that this effect was subject to the strength of the field. Gravity is always strongest on the surface of a any object (like the Earth) with its strength trailing off the further you travel from the Earth and self-negating at the core of the planet. Thus time flows faster in the upper atmosphere and in the core than it does at sea level. I propose that these time differentials between the different areas of the Earth's gravitic field, as it rotates, produce an electro-kinetic charge differential.


There are a number of reasons why this might occur. The first one is intuitive, suggesting that the energy differentials of different areas of rotating space and time interacting with one another produce charges which are then as much the creation of the temporal sphere as they are of the physical processes of the three spacial dimensions. A practical consideration might be that the relativistic effect of time contraction may give electrically charged bodies in the upper atmosphere (for example) more time to act upon the lower levels where time moves more slowly.


As a visual aid to the above concepts, take a look at this informative video on how the dots operate on a DJ's turntable operate.
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The modular periodicy of the dots create a laterally expanding pattern when under rotation. When the pitch fader is at zero location the row of big dots appears to be stationary. However, above and below it the dots are moving off in opposite directions. This is similar to the way that time passes slower on the Earth's surface and quicker above and below it. The strobe light can be thought of as analogous to the flicker-rate of the holographic grating of the Higgs Field (see last post).

We can think of gravity as an electro-kinetic force created out of the energy differentials of curved space time. This goes a long way to explain such electrical atmospheric phenomena, such as sprites, as well as the fly-by anomaly observed by research satellites in recent decades.
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Knowledge of gravity's relationship to electricity has been known about for sometime. In particular the work of T.T. Brown, who coined the phrase electro-gravitics to explain the unnatural ability of electricity to defy the power of gravity (see Lifter Technology). For those who do not believe that lifters can defy gravity, I present this video of a lifter in a vacuum chamber at NASA. For those who are skeptical about the idea that gravity is related in anyway to electricity I urge you to consider that the object of the Grand Unified Field Theory is to show that these, and all other forces, are all aspects of the one force.



This concludes my presentation of the Unification of Gravity with Electromagnetics.

Thursday, February 16, 2012

HOLOGRAPHIC TIME GRATING

The Large Hadron Collider is getting closer and closer to its stated aim; finding the Higgs Boson. The Higgs is a particle which acts as an exciter to the proposed Higgs field, and thusly gives mass to matter. The main determinant in an objects mass is the amount of energy the object is divested of. However, this energy is only really converted into mass in the presence of the Higg's field.
The blue/green zig-zag line depicts the path
of a particle as it moves through the omni-
present Higgs Field. The straight green line
shows a different particle moving at the speed
of light, and therefore avoiding the Higgs Field
altogether.


The green/blue zig-zag line is the path of a particle that is stationary – i.e. moving with respect to time (the vertical axis) only. It will keep bumping into the field lines (black lines) of the Higgs Field because it is traveling in an over-all perpendicular trajectory to said field lines. A particle that is traveling at the speed of light (on the other hand) warps space-time according to the Lorentz contraction thereby moving in a diagonal trajectory. This means it avoids the field lines altogether and therefore has no mass and shed loads of energy.Time does not pass for it, it travels in space only. 


The particle which encounters the Higg's field has its energy divided by the speed of light squared, as per Einstein's famous equation E=mc^2. This means that its large energy value is divided by an almost equally large constant, giving rise to a relatively small amount of mass.


The Higg's field is described as omnipresent, which means that it exists everywhere in space and time. If this is true how could any particle avoid it and in doing so become massless? Diagrams which are devised to show particles interacting with the Higg's field, depict the field as a series of horizontal lines. I submit that these lines are, in fact, equally distributed in time as well as space, meaning that you would encounter precisely the same field lines if you were traveling at relatively low speeds, as you would if you were not traveling at all. This suggests that the Higg's field is akin to some kind of Holographic Time Grating. A particle which is traveling in the time axis only is continuously bumping into this field (which is time itself) causing a zig-zag motion, which slows it down and gives rise to mass.



Stylised diagram showing ordinary space
and Lorentz Contracted space in the same graph.

Now this is all very interesting. But what is even more interesting is how the omnipresent Higg's Field interacts with matter on a 4 dimensional level to create reality, as we know it. For a demonstration of how this happens please watch the video below.



You may have noticed that the interference patterns (which are holographic in nature) are, for the most part, composed of zig-zagging lines; just like our particle trajectories.


What this means is that beyond (or outside of) the Higg's field there exists an expansive holographic interference pattern that is 4D in nature. This interference pattern is the mesh of everything that will exist, everything that has existed and everything that could possibly ever exist. In short, it is God i.e. a self-organising pattern that is timeless and intelligently designed.


But if an omnipotent God exists with a map and a timeline to all of creation, how can free-will be also said to exist? 


Only parts of an object's entire 4-d wave function can be interpreted through the minute, straight-line apertures of the Higg's field grating, at anyone time. These snapshots, or 3D manifolds of the objects exist – played out one after another – but they are not to be thought of as sequential, existing as they do through-out the entire spectrum of the waveform.


This 4D wave that describes all of the possible interactive and internal states is, of course, holographic in nature, and therefore, a fractal. This means that any part of the information of the entire wave function can be accessed at any one time, much like a computer can access files on a hard-drive.  It is by the same application of the above process by which free-will is preserved and restored.

Sunday, February 12, 2012

THE MATRIX OF LEADERSHIP

Reinstating the Timespace Continuum


Some months ago I was pondering how space and time interacted on a fundamental/local level whilst walking home from the shop. I imagined that the ground was divided into a grid of squares, which had numbers on them. To begin with all of the squares were numbered '1', the next second they were numbered '2' and so on... I thought to myself, if I am moving at one square per second then the relationship between my movement and time is symmetric. If I stand still the numbers on the grid change regardless, and the only difference in me moving is which square I stand on at any given second.

In this image we see a man walking. The first line of our space time matrix shows the local time at 1 second. If the man were standing still we could say that he is moving in a vertical direction, downwards with time. If the man moves one square per second then his progression takes a diagonal route down through the matrix (the coloured line). Therefore in order to counteract the downward motion of time, this person would have to be traveling very fast indeed. This is the basic concept behind Einstein's Theory of Relativity, where all speeds are charcterised by a direction in 4-dimensional space-time. I had never fully understood that statement until I began thinking of time in this manner.

As we can see, the diagram divides up the differing speeds into angles of 45 degrees. Ordinary motion takes place at 45 degree angles to time, and light speed travel takes place at a further 45 degrees, making a total of 90 degrees. This is what I think Einstein had originally intended for his diagram of space-time, where 90º equals the sum of all possible speeds, there being no room left for any further acceleration. However, in Minkowskian diagrams the speed of light is often characterised by an angle of 45º, for convenience sake. Although this method allows for further areas of acceleration, these are usually discounted by conjectured time-paradoxes.
This diagram endeavors to show how the different speeds correspond to directions in 4D space-time. The top of the central spike being the sum of all possible speeds is depicted as being at 90º to the slower time-based regions. This diagram also bears relation to the Mexican Hat theory, where the physical laws only appear symmetrical when viewed from the top of the graph i.e. the region of most energy.

With the recent discovery of the neutrino particle traveling faster-than-light, we must logically assume that more potentially feasible regions of acceleration exist in the graphs than previously thought. My own musings on this subject lead to the development of instructive matrices utilising the 45º angle for the 'c' axis, not out of mere mathematical convenience but because that is what makes most logical sense.


The numbers in the first column show the flow rate of time, as observed by an individual (known as A) at rest, where as the diagonal line - consisting entirely of 1s - shows the amount of time experienced by an individual (known as B) traveling at the speed of light. As we can see, if B travels along the diagonal line for 3 seconds and then drops out of light speed, time resumes its normal vertical (downward) tracking. B is now on a different column to A, which expresses the fact that he has moved in space. However, both are on the same row, and indeed can never be on separate rows, because only the present moment exists. Comparing A's clock with B's clock will show a difference of 3 seconds, but the number above and to the right will show the universal time, as marked by all objects in space.


When I speak of 'universal time', I do not refer to the Newtonian concept of absolute time, which is demonstrably false, but rather to the shared commonality of what is known as 'the present' with respect to all reference frames; both of scale and acceleration. While the concept of what constitutes the present may expand i.e. dilate, at speeds approaching that of light, the free-scale nature of space-time  prevents this scaled-expansion from being in anyway important to its over-all conception of what constitutes the present.

Einstein's Theory of Relativity states that because the laws of physics are the same (therefore constant) in all reference frames, the point of view of one reference frame is as good as another. So if time has appeared to stop in one reference frame, then this means that time has indeed stopped across the entire spectrum of space and time, based solely on this one reference frame's point of view. This I feel is a grievous error, because as the above matrix shows time is implicit in all motion. If time stops we can still ask how long it stopped for.

In contrast, relativists have always assumed that due to the constancy of physical laws in all reference frames that the space-time continuum must be disconnected and broken up into individual non-relatable fragments. This is to forget that space and time are fundamentally related, that they are a continuum, and that movement in one represents duration in another.

Interestingly, this very matrix appears in a table by 15th Century mathematician and polymath Sir John Dee. Dee claimed to use the table to communicate with angels. Metatron is the leader of the angels, and is also the name of a potent device in the Transformers series; the Metatron Cube. Another device of importance in this series is the Matrix of Leadership. Therefore, being a child of the 80's and a spirited fan of science fiction, I dub the above matrix, the Matrix of Leadership.

The Lorentz Transformers

Wednesday, January 18, 2012

SCALE RELATIVITY



Recently I developed my own version of Einstein's Theory of Relativity, which was based on the idea that speed is geometrically analogous to scale; meaning that slowing down is equivalent to zooming in on an object/place and speeding up is equivalent to zooming out. The theory, which utilized the concepts of fractal cosmology, namely that space and time are fractals, appended with what I thought to be a new concept; which is that light is itself a fractal. A quotation from my notes may serve to illustrate my point more clearly;
  …acceleration and rapid travel in general is the equivalent of zooming up through all of the distance scales from the minute; cm, mm etc, to the largest volumes of kilometres, as if we were navigating our way through a dense forest of metre markings (or whatever the lines on a ruler are called) at high speeds.
We have also said that this kind of accelerative geometric zooming has no real effect on the metering scale of light, which is therefore 'freescale' and fractal.
From out of this section, and perhaps one or two others, was born my concept (or what I thought was my concept) of 'fractal acceleration', which would combine formulae of acceleration and fractal mathematics together. With the ground work done of effectively visualizing my concept, I went onto the internet to try and see if anybody had gone in the same direction, and more importantly developed the mathematical systems for fractal acceleration, which I in my mathematical illiteracy, had not a hope of achieving. Lo-and-behold, in a little known work called 'Fractal space-time and microphysics' by Laurent Nottale I found the exact equations I had envisaged. Realising that Nottale must followed a similar line of reasoning to my own in order to develop his theory, I back-tracked through his work to uncover the concept of Scale Relativity, which (rather unsurprisingly) bore all of the hall-marks of my own work.

Laurent Nottale's Scale Relativity Theory states that Einstein's Theory of Relativity holds true, not only at all rates of acceleration, but also at all scales i.e. from the Plank scale up to the cosmological scale. If all scales are relative, there can be no absolute scale measurement in the Universe. A freescale universe implies that space, and therefore time, must also be fractal. A large component of my own theory is that space-time, and by extension light, are fractal in nature.

I would like to begin by comparing my observations, trite though they may appear, with those of Nottale's. First, I will reproduce  observations on the issue of scale and acceleration, as they appear in my notes;

Traveling at faster and faster speeds in space-time is equivalent to traveling at a slow and steady pace whilst zooming out i.e. bending light and space to form an arch around that which you wish to travel.

In this graph we see a craft (red line) accelerating to 2/3 
of the speed of light across a distance of 450,000 miles.
While the occupants of the craft are fundamentally aware
of the overall distance travelled, relativistic effects come into
play whereby A and B (and everything in between) under go a 
length contraction making them appear much closer together.

Notice how the distance traveled in each graph remains exactly the same, even though the distance between A and B appears greatly lessened. This length contraction that they are undergoing is equivalent to the length contraction experienced by hypothetical occupants in a hypothetical craft traveling at close to the speed of light.

The purpose of these graphs is to show how the relativistic effect of length contraction and the concept of zooming out from one scale measurement to another are intrinsically linked. On a side note, in Lewis Carrol's classic The Adventures of Alice in Wonderland, Alice is given to eat something which makes her grow in size. From her perspective it appears that the room she is in is shrinking. From a relativistic point of view her perspective must be considered correct, meaning that Alice's overall size remains the same and it is Wonderland that is shrinking. Think about that next time your socks shrink in the washing machine...


Zoomed in, or normal zoom = 0 mph                               Zoomed out;
                                                                                the distance between 
                                                                              objects appears smaller.


 Top ruler; zoomed in - large interval. Bottom ruler; zoomed out - intervals appear smaller.



Nottale's early observations and motivations, from the article on Scale Relativity on Wikipedia;
Two everyday observations are, that if we look at an object at a very small distance, say through a microscope, then even the slightest movement of this object will appear very fast; if on the other hand we look up to the sky and follow the movement of a jumbo-jet we sometimes wonder why it doesn't fall down, because from this distance it appears to be almost standing still.
Is this a pure subjective perception? The passengers in the jet will say that the clouds rushing by prove that the plane is moving fast, whereas the earth below is nearly standing still. And if the 'object' under the microscope were an ant that just woke up from coma, it would observe itself moving - relatively to the surface it is bounded to - with merely a few centimeters per minute.
This is reminiscent of the situation where one walks inside a train. Oneself observes walking rather slow, while an observer outside will add the velocity of the train to the walking speed, and say that the person inside the train is walking fast relatively to the ground. A similar observation led Galileo to formulate a relativity principle of motion. Likewise the former observations led Nottale to formulate scale relativity.
Comatose ants aside, I think you will agree that conceptually, at least, the two ideas are almost identical.

Continuing with my own notes, then;

6.The importance of understanding acceleration in terms of zooming in or out on a given plane or vista becomes clear when we apply it to Special Relativity. SR states that the speed of light remains constant at all speeds and at all rates of acceleration. Since the speed of light is determined by its wave function interval, we can go further and say that the interval for the speed of light remains constant at all zooming acceleration scales (via the relativistic effect of time dilation). If when zooming in/out the speed of the interval remains the same then we can say it is a fractal. Light, therefore, must be a fractal; not only in terms of scale, but also in terms of formulae of acceleration. The concept of light being a fractal is not new. I have already discussed the concept in Note 2; where I said space-time are fractals. The fabric of space-time is indistinguishable from that of light, generally speaking; so light must also be a fractal. Light is a fractal waveform with Phi 1.618 as its ratio divisor.

7. So what happens to a craft that is accelerating (ostensibly) from the view point of timespace/spacetime?


In this diagram we see our fictional craft accelerating from an interval close to the value of 'c' where time is flowing normally, to the periphery where time has stopped flowing altogether. The mathematicians will note the semblance of this theory and the previous diagram to Cantor's Function.

Interestingly, Einstein's equations provide two reason as to why matter (in its grossest form) cannot travel at the speed of light (and both appear mutually exclusive). One is that a mass will get heavier requiring infinite amounts of energy to propel it, and the other, perhaps less well known, is that the same mass will take an infinitely long time to reach said velocity. To me this smacks of Xeno's paradox in which it is impossible to reach some stated limit if the distance traveled is continuously divided by half. This paradox is resolved by pitting two different infinities against one another and also in differential equations, all of which relate back intrinsically to Cantor's work. Just as the mathematician can reach a workable approximation of Phi 1.618, so it is that, from a theoretical point of view, that a mass could eventual reach the velocity of 'c', provided increased mass was not a consideration.

From the polar coordinate point of view of the same graph, we see how a ship accelerates out from an interval relatively close to that of 'c' out to the periphery where intervals are much larger. Alternatively we view the centre of the diagram to be an aleph point receding off into infinity. Either way the craft will eventually reach an average curvature (Phi 1.618) which is typified by the outer perimeter where the time intervals have receded off into infinity.  I would also like to draw your attention to the fractal pattern generated at the centre of the image (below) and the tripartite nature of the six inner strata, as they conform to ancient triskele symbolism.


As I have said before, acceleration and rapid travel in general is the equivalent of zooming up through all of the distance scales from the minute; cm, mm etc, to the largest volumes of kilometres, as if we were navigating our way through a dense forest of metre markings (or whatever the lines on a ruler are called) at high speeds. We have also said that this kind of accelerative geometric zooming has no real effect on the metering scale of light, which is therefore 'freescale' and fractal.

The rendering of the above diagram also recalls, to my mind at least, the Hunab Ku, a supposed representation of a Mayan deity, known as the "supreme god." The New Age interpretation of this symbol posits the Hunab Ku "as evidence for Maya monotheism and suggested that it was represented by the symbols of a square within a circle or a circle within a square, the square representing measurement and the circle representing motion." http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hunab_Ku

In subsequent posts I will expound my Theory of Direct Relativity and more importantly Layer Cake Theory, but for now I would like to conclude this section by saying a few things about the fractal nature of light and what else that might entail. Although I do not have the technical expertise to prove this, I nevertheless believe that the orthogonal relationship between the electromagnetic forces in a light wave expresses the Golden Mean 1.618. My belief is informed by the discovery of the Golden Ratio in the DNA spiral, and studies which show that light in the form of bio-protons alter functions (i.e. resonate) within the aforementioned molecule. If we divide the speed of light 186,282 kmps by the Golden Ration 1.61803399, we get these figures;

1. 115,128.607
2.   71,153.392 
3.   43,975.214
4    27,178.177
5.   16,797.037

That last one 16797.037 bears relation to the 168 (167.97) of Octonions, General Linear Group (3,2), the Klein Quadratic; and by extension the Fano Plane and all of time as we know it on this plane of existence (namely 7 x 24 = 168).

This method of interpreting numbers conforms to the occult practice whereby numbers of a similar ilk e.g. 147, 714, 417 etc are considered in some sense equivalent. While this method may not be common practice for modern day mathematicians, there is no denying the debt of gratitude this field owes to the occult sciences.

An interesting account of occult chemists and their clairvoyant investigations into atomic structure, which also yielded the figure 168, can be found here; http://smphillips.8m.com/article-37.html, and here http://www.chem.yale.edu/~chem125/125/history99/8Occult/OccultAtoms.html

Zooming down to the Plank Scale is geometrically equivalent of stopping completely. Zooming up to the cosmological scale is the equivalent of traveling at, ostensibly, infinite speeds. Because light has fractal applications, when we zoom in on the universe from a cosmological scale down to a quantum or meso-scale, we are zooming in on the same exact beam of light, deep and deeper. All of the information appears contained within one highly energetic beam of light that is freescale. Viewed head on this ray of light is like a spiral (with properties of Phi 1.618). As it propagates through space i.e. rotates in 4th dimensional space it appears to expand; click on image to view animation.
Contrary to observation, the universe may not be expanding at all. The perceived expansion may simply be an artifact, or illusion generated by the revolving fractal light field. Einstein questioned if the Universe rotated, but abandoned the concept when Hubble's evidence for expansion became known. If the universe is, to all intents and purposes infinite, what form do you think a rotating and expanding universe might take?


The answer, of course, is a spiral form. Just like the spiral animation, the perceived expansion may simply be an illusion generated by a hyper-dimensional spiral Universe revolving in the 4th dimension; time.